Legal Question in Landlord & Tenant Law in California
I recently found out that my landlords rented me an illegal unit for 2+ years. They converted the lower level of their tri-level home into a 1-bedroom apartment. The utilities were included in the rent and I had no control over the heat in the unit. The only time I received heat is when the landlords turned on the heater in their home and it reached the lower level.
I contacted the city and found out the unit is not zoned for multi-family use and that no permits were available for the construction of the unit.
I moved from the apartment on December 14. Can I sue for back payment of rent? I paid $1,750 per month for rent. Can I sue in Small Claims Court multiple times or do I have to go to Superior Court? If so, how long do I have to file a claim? I am already filing a claim in SCC for the late return (30 days) of my security deposit and excessive charges.
2 Answers from Attorneys
I can look into going to superior court for the security deposit and your rent going back a year or two if you want to retain my services. You didnt mention if you filed already, or didnt.
Best,
Daniel Bakondi, Esq.
415-450-0424
The Law Office of Daniel Bakondi
870 Market Street, Suite 1161
San Francisco CA 94102
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The illegality of the unit does not entitle you to any refund of rent. That is between the city and the owner. In fact even if you have a legitimate habitability issue (which limited heat does not qualify for, since it was obviously warm enough for you to occupy for over two years) you are only entitled to rent abatement once you take action, either by withholding rent or declaring a constructive eviction. The law does not allow you to live in a habitable unit for over two years and then pull a "gotcha" and get all your rent back because of zoning and permitting violations that do not affect the habitability of the premises. In addition, in 99.9 out of 100 of these cases, upon payment of permitting fees and having an inspection, non-permitted construction is retroactively approved, and zoning variances are granted.
As for your other questions, no you cannot break up a cause of action to squeeze it into small claims court. That is called splitting a cause of action and is illegal. How long to file a claim? You would have to have a claim, since the nature of the claim determines the statute of limitations. Lastly, if you are already filing a claim for late return and excessive charges on your deposit, and fail to include any and all other claims you want to try to assert, you will have waived them. The law does not allow you to bring a series of lawsuits on different claims arising from the same transaction, relationship, lease, etc. You get one shot.