Legal Question in Real Estate Law in California
I am a resident of California. My mother-in-law sold a house directly to the buyer for a 30 years to pay mortgage and they signed the contract in which the buyer has to pay the monthly mortgage of $853.26 directly to the owner (my mother in law). When my mother in law died my husband inherited it. Therefore, the buyer currently pays the mortgage to my husband and me (my husband added my name as a co-owner).There is a mortgage book in which the buyer is the one writing the amount of the principal and interest being paid. Twice, the buyer paid a big portion of the principal amount but not paying the interest. At first, he paid $9,146.74 together with the monthly mortgage of $853.26, a total of $10,000 in one check. He paid only the interest that goes with the $853.26. The second time, he paid $2,853.26 and again paid only the interest that goes with the $853.26 monthly mortgage. Then for the 3rd time, he sent a check of only $853.26 but wrote on a mortgage book that he paid $2,853.26 which we did NOT cash yet. In all of these, he just sent these checks without notifying us if we agree or not on these type of payments. Those big payments were not done consecutively. After he paid the $10,000, he paid the regular monthly mortgage of $853.26 for the next 2 months, then he paid $2,853.26 the next month. We are not sure if what he is doing is legal or not. We feel that the buyer is cheating us.
My question: Is it legal for the buyer to pay a big amount of the principal without paying the interest on it and without notifying us first? When I bought a car payable in 5 years and I wanted to pay larger amount, the car dealer still charge me for the full interest (I'm just making comparison). PLEASE HELP US. My husband and I really need your help. Thank you very much.
1 Answer from Attorneys
The answer can not be given without looking at the mortgage contract. Unless there is a provision dealing with advanced or larger than minimum due payments, then the buyer can do what he has. That is one entirely legal technique that is used to reduce the overall interest that is paid on a loan. Basically, the mortgage provides that $X is to be paid and that it must all be paid at at least $853.26 per month and must all be paid by 30 years, with the unpaid portion subject to Y% interest. So if the entire loan were paid off immediately on the signing of the mortgage, only $X need be paid. If the entire amount were paid off exactly one year after taking out the mortgage, the total amount that the buyer would have paid is $X plus Y% interest on $X. Usually advance payment first go to the interest currently owed and anything left over goes to the remaining principal. If the interest payment were $500 per month [$120,000 original amount at 5%], and the buyer paid $10,000 in the first month and $500 for the next 11 months, then there would have been $6,000 in interest paid and the loan principle would have been reduced by $10,000-$500=$9,500.
So the principle on the mortgage has been reduced by $12,000. Some mortgage documents do not allow the principle to be paid early, but you did not indicate that is the case for the mortgage you hold.
Your husband could not add your name as co-owner of the property because he did not own it, merely having a lien in the form of a mortgage against it. Adding your name to the note/mortgage does not change the relationship between your husband and the buyer of the house, as that is a contract whose terms can only be modified upon mutual agreement of all parties. adding you would only effect the economic relationship between your husband and you. So you should be careful in jumping to conclusions as the only one who may have acted incorrectly was your husband.
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