Legal Question in Credit and Debt Law in Virginia
Debt and Judgement Collections, Assets
Due to layoffs (living on credit cards) and major car repairs, I have debt that dates back maybe a little over 10 years. I have never made more than $21,000 a year and never considered bankruptcy because I do want to pay these debts off. I have had a vehicle repossessed and sold at auction, but its sale did not completely cover the amount still owed on it at the time. I also have had some judgements, which resulted in garnishments against my wages for some of the other debt. If it were not for family, I would be on the street, as I have been out of work for a little while now.
But, I have a chance to change this due to the good fortune and kindness of a family member. A family member is willing to lend me money to purchase a truck to become an independent courier, since my credit history is not as important for hiring.
My questions are:
Can my creditors come after the truck if they already have garnishments against my wages or judgements against me?
Could I list the family member as the lien holder of the truck so I can get a job with it to pay off my creditors?
If not, how can I protect the truck long enough to start over to be able to pay my creditors off?
Thank You For Your Time
1 Answer from Attorneys
Re: Debt and Judgement Collections, Assets
First, if the debts have not been turned into
court judgments, they are not collectible after
5 years for a written contract(measured from the
date when payment was due and you failed to pay,
NOT from when the contract was signed), 3 years
for a verbal contract (measured from the last
date products or services were provided OR when
you last made a payment), UNLESS you promise in
writing to pay, which restarts the clock. Also
on a verbal contract, if you make payments on the
account it restarts the account (because it
validates that the debt is real).
Also, a court judgment in general district court
is only valid for 10 years, and cannot be
collected more than 10 years after the judgment.
Pay close attention to circuit court versus
general district court.
Second, the best thing for your family member to
do is to buy the truck in THEIR name, keep it in
their name, and let you use it. In general, I
would never advise anyone to hide their assets
from creditors or defraud creditors. HOWEVER,
we are talking about a GIFT and creditors are NOT
entitled to have family members give gifts, and
the family has no obligation to give any gift.
Because this is a gift, I would advise that they
keep it out of your name so that it cannot become
an asset that creditors can take.
You asked:
Can my creditors come after the truck if they already have garnishments against
my wages or judgements against me?
-----> Yes. They can take any steps they
believe will help collect on the debt, including
several actions simultaneously. THere are NO
restrictions on what a creditor can do (among
the legally available choices). People seem to
think that if they have a payment plan, the
creditor "can't" take action, or the like. The
law views that you owe the money, so the creditor
can do anything it wants to get the money.
Could I list the family member as the lien holder of the truck so I can get a job
with it to pay off my creditors?
-----> Yes, this would help, but then you might
have fights about whether there is any net
equity left in the truck, etc., etc. Plus this
would take additional work with the DMV, etc.
Therefore, I think it would be best to simply
keep the truck in your family member's name
as the most powerful and simplest solution.