Legal Question in Business Law in California
Charity for an individual
I was wondering if it would be legal to set up a charity for an individual person. I'd call it something like the Financial Aid Fund for College Students (Which is slightly misleading because of the plural) Is this legal to do, and if so what should I be careful about to avoid legal troubles?
Thanks
3 Answers from Attorneys
Re: Charity for an individual
Nice try, dude. If you're 100% upfront about where the money goes, that's OK. (But who would donate?) If your aim is to mislead people into thinking their gifts will buy milk for Moms rather than beer for your buds, you're into criminal fraud. There are such things as "charities" that are run very close to the line, and sometimes over it. But the successful ones have lots of high priced lawyers to advise them.
Re: Charity for an individual
Setting up a charity (as you probably mean it) is a two-step process. First, you form a California (or other state) nonprofit corporation or association. That creates the entity. You might be able to do this, because the process is pretty mechanical and no one screens the filings for valid purposes.
However, the next step is where the idea fails. A true charity needs to get tax-exempt status from the Feds, and that means filing an application for exemption under Internal Revenue Code section 501(c)(3) (or another closely related provision of IRC 501).
The IRS will scrutinize the application, and if it appears that the "charity" is for the benefit of one person, or any closely-identified group of persons, the application will be rejected.
Eventually, even though it could be created in the first place, on-going operation of the California entity without IRS tax-exempt status would run afoul of some restriction or other imposed by the state on its operations and finances.
So, in the long run, the idea doesn't work.
Re: Charity for an individual
Going to jail. Charities are regulated by state and federal laws, with penalties for fraud.
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