Legal Question in Intellectual Property in Pennsylvania
I'm filming a video to impress a film school I'm looking to enter. I'm going to give you all the specifics to my question, so there's no confusion.
The film features a time traveler and he travels back to the sinking RMS Titanic. The sets will all be constructed on our own, but there is one shot where in our set, the character opens a door and on the other side is a greenscreen (where we can add an image while editing). The image will be the grand staircase.
Now, here is the question:
The image we are hoping to use is from the 1996 video game 'Titanic, Adventure Out of Time' by Cyberflix. It is a company out of business since 1998. I cannot find any info on the current copyright state. If it is a freeze frame of the staircase, not the focus of the shot, partially obstructed, and only on screen for a few seconds, is it legal to use this image?
It's for college and later to be used as a fund-raising film for a future project (via DVD sales)
Thank you,
Tom
1 Answer from Attorneys
Hello, Tom,
First the groundrules: Legal advice on a question such as this cannot be obtained by a public posting on a web service such as LawGuru.com. Legal advice is only available within a confidential attorney-client relationship. What CAN be obtained is general commentary on the legal issues that are pertinent to the analysis of the question.
It seems to me that two principal issues are: (1) if a copyrighted image of a grand stairway is used as you describe, would it be actionable copyright infringement? (2) if the answer to issue (1) is yes, how does one deal with the fact that the only identified owner of copyright seems to be out of existence?
To answer issue (1), one would need to consider whether the proposed use is an unlawful copying of the copyrighted work. See www.copyright.gov/help/faq/faq-infringement.html A court case that considered a similar question involved the depiction of the scuplture Zanja Madre in the filming of Batman Forever. See www.benedict.com/visual/batman/batman.aspx
For a general discussion of the issue see www.rohde-victoroff.com/html/fine_art_of_film.pdf
Issue (2) arises because the work to be copied from seems to be an "orphan." This problem has been publicly discussed in connection with leglslation that has been proposed to allow copying from "orphan works" in certain circumstances. See www.copyright.gov/docs/regstat031308.html
It's interesting that Google Books' highly publicized court settlement of its effort to create a contemporary digital Library of Alexandria would get around the "orphan works" problem by the mechanism of a federal court class action settlement with the Authors' Guild as a representative of all authors and the Association of American Publishers. However, recent criticism of the proposed result by certain competitors of Google and by European publishers has kept the pot boiling. Stay tuned for court's final hearing on the proposed Google Books settlement scheduled for October 7, 2009.